What are the 4 types of diabetes?

There are many diabetes myths on the internet. The most popular is that there are only two types. It is essential to understand that there are four different forms of diabetes. Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by an abnormally high level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. While glucose is needed for energy production, insulin is needed to break down glucose and allow it to enter cells in the body. Diabetes is classified into four types: type 1, type 2, prediabetes and gestational.

Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and gestational diabetes

Type 1 diabetics produce no insulin at all. Insulin must be injected into the body using a syringe, pen or pump. Blood sugar control is critical to managing type 1 diabetes because glucose levels can fluctuate rapidly. Carbohydrates raise blood sugar, which must be counteracted by insulin. These people with diabetes inject insulin daily. People with type 1 diabetes can help regulate their condition with insulin injections and blood sugar control. There is currently no cure for type 1 diabetes. Historically, type 1 diabetes was called juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes.

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes

Symptoms usually manifest during childhood or adolescence, but can also manifest in adulthood. Signs and symptoms may come on suddenly and may include the following:

  • frequent urination
  • increased thirst
  • unintentional weight loss
  • tiredness and sickness
  • perplexed vision

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the most common type. Type 2 diabetes is most often diagnosed after age 45 and is sometimes called adult-onset diabetes. These are usually able to produce insulin, but are inefficient at using it. These people with diabetes can sometimes, but not always, control their diabetes with diet and exercise. Some type 2 diabetics need medication to maintain their blood sugar despite lifestyle changes.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes presents in the same way as type 1 diabetes. Type 2 symptoms appear more gradually.

  • frequent urination
  • increased thirst
  • unintentional weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • perplexed vision
  • Infections often occur
  • dark patches of skin

Prediabetes

Prediabetes is a condition in which blood sugar levels are high, but not high enough to diagnose type 2 diabetes. You can control your blood sugar and prevent type 2 diabetes with weight loss, lifestyle changes, and medications. .

Diabetes During Pregnancy

Finally, gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs throughout pregnancy. As with other types of diabetes, gestational diabetes affects the body's ability to use sugar (glucose), which raises blood sugar. This type of diabetes can harm both the pregnancy and the health of the baby. Certain hormones produced in the placenta contribute to the development of the fetus and inhibit the production of insulin in the mother's body. This limits the amount of insulin given to the mother. The excess glucose in the mother's blood is then transferred to the fetus, which increases fetal blood sugar. Excess glucose in the blood is retained as fat, posing health risks to the developing fetus. They prevent gestational diabetes by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising before getting pregnant. 90% of women with gestational diabetes will return to normal health after the baby is born.

What is diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes is a chronic (long-term) disease that affects the way your body converts food into energy.

Most of the food you eat is converted into sugar (also called glucose) and released into your bloodstream. When blood sugar rises, the pancreas produces insulin. Insulin works like a key, allowing blood sugar to enter your body's cells and be used for energy.

If you have diabetes, your body doesn't produce enough insulin or doesn't use it as well as it should. When there is not enough insulin or cells stop responding to insulin, an abnormal amount of blood sugar remains in the blood. Over time, this can lead to major health issues, such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease.

Although there is no cure for diabetes, losing weight, eating healthy and staying active can help significantly. Taking medication as needed, receiving diabetes self-management information and support, and attending medical appointments can help you manage your diabetes more effectively.

What is the cause of diabetes?

Everyone's body needs glucose to function properly. It is broken down, modified and released by the pancreas to provide cells with the food and energy they need to function properly. However, in specific individuals, the system fails. Diabetes occurs when this system does not work properly for some reason.

Depending on the type of diabetes, your body may not be able to make insulin or make unnecessary insulin. In either case, the glucose cannot be taken up by the cells. Although the root cause is still unknown, genetics, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices all play a role.

Many doctors cite lifestyle factors as the number one preventable cause of type 2 diabetes. Inactivity, poor diet, and other factors contribute to your susceptibility.

What is the extent of diabetes?

Diabetes is more common than you might think because many cases go undetected. However, it is estimated that approximately 415 million people worldwide have diabetes, or approximately 1 in 11 adults. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type in adults today, accounting for more than 90% of all cases.

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